Dear friends...
The KANNADA LIT is one of the high scoring otional,join ANARGHYA IAS ACADEMY and feel the differnce in your whole personality.
Improvement in writing skill
Development of value added answers
writing effective introduction
Effective development of body of the answer
presentation of conclussion
ANARGHYA IAS ACADEMY always believe in VALUE BASED TEACHING
Sunday, 31 July 2011
Communalism-Two Nation theory (stages of communalism)
Communalism is basically an ideology; communal riots are only the consequences of spread of this ideology. Till 1857 Hindus and Muslims had lived together amicacably.Therefore, communal conflict was not implicit in Indian History. The communal question is not merely a matter of religious antagonism between two communities. More than the religious question, the communal problem was politically motivated and charged. The history of Muslim communalism may be divided in to four periods.
The first period started with the establishment of British Raj in India and ended in 1876.During this period the Muslims remained hostile to the British rule. In mutiny of 1857 was attributed mostly to the Muslims. The British Govt consequently treated them as seditious elements and suppressed them in every form.
The second period began with the establishment of Muslim Anglo-Oriental(M.A.O)College in 1857 in Aligarh and ended in 1906 with birth of Muslim league.Mr.Thedore Beck Principal of the college played significant role in improving relations between the Govt and the Muslims.
In 1885 the Indian National Congress was established, the British Govt become hostile to it.
In 1905, Bengal was partitioned and weaken the forces of nationalism in India
With the rise of extremist and moderates in congress in 1906,communal electorates were conceded to Muslims in 1909 to drive a wedge between the Muslims and the Hindus.The tables were now turned and Muslims become favour than the Hindus.
The third period began in 1906 with birth of Muslim league and lasted up to 1938,During this period the Muslim League concentrated on the demand of separate electorate for the Muslims,weightage for them in minority provinces, communal veto and adequate representation in services
The fourth period began in 1940 when the Muslim league finally decided to formation of Pakistan under the leadership of M.A.Jinnaha. The period ended in 1947 with partition of India.
SEEDS OF PAKISTHAN:
The idea of Pakistan was first conceived by Dr.Mohamad Iqbal in Presidential address at Allahabad session of Muslim League in 1930.
The idea gained ground among the Muslim students at Cambridge under the leadership of Rahamat Ali.
But idea of Pakistan was not seriously entertained by leading Muslim leaders including Mr.Jinnah,who originally had progressive view and was part of congress party till 1920.However by 1940,he was all for Pakistan because of certain circumstances.
Causes which led to the demand for Pakistan
The refusal of the congress in 1937 to form coalition ministers with the Muslim League in Provinces where the congress was in majority.
The Muslim league was disappointed with the result of the general elections of 1936-37 because of its failure to capture power in any of the four Muslim majority provinces of Punjab,North-west Frontier Provinces, Sind and Bengal.
Some leaders of Hindu Mahasabha made utterness which implied that that the future of Muslims in the United was hardly bright. In 1937, V.D.Savarkar was freely preaching the gospel of Hindu Rasthra.He dubbed congress as anti-Hindu and pro-Muslim. The Hindu touch me not system which implied a virtual social boycott of the Muslims. Was mostly resented by Middle-class Muslims.
Some Muslims believed that the establishment of Muslim State was a first step to the fulfilment of the dream of Pan-Islamism.
The Muslims were very upset by the Muslim Mass Contact Movement which was started by the Congress to win the votes of Muslims during and after the general elections of 1937.
The demand of Pakistan was inevitably the next step in the type of politics which the muslim league had all though been following the gospel of separatism as propounded in the two nation theory
The full support of the British rulers accelerated the demand for Pakistan.
RESOLUTION FOR PAKISTAN(1940)
Mr.Jinnha propounded the two nation theory.In the Presidential address of Lahore session on March 22,1940.
He declared that the Muslim league would not tolerate Hindu rule but wanted separate home land
Accordingly a resolution was passed on March 23,demanding that the provinces,where the Muslims were in majority,should constitute separate soverign state called Pakistan.
The congress and Muslim leaders opposed this move that the partition of the country would not only weaken both the countries, but would make it impossible for Hindus and Muslims ever to unite for a common cause. However ultimately Congress had to agree for the partition of the country and Pakistan was formed on August 14, 1947.
Communalism is basically an ideology; communal riots are only the consequences of spread of this ideology. Till 1857 Hindus and Muslims had lived together amicacably.Therefore, communal conflict was not implicit in Indian History. The communal question is not merely a matter of religious antagonism between two communities. More than the religious question, the communal problem was politically motivated and charged. The history of Muslim communalism may be divided in to four periods.
The first period started with the establishment of British Raj in India and ended in 1876.During this period the Muslims remained hostile to the British rule. In mutiny of 1857 was attributed mostly to the Muslims. The British Govt consequently treated them as seditious elements and suppressed them in every form.
The second period began with the establishment of Muslim Anglo-Oriental(M.A.O)College in 1857 in Aligarh and ended in 1906 with birth of Muslim league.Mr.Thedore Beck Principal of the college played significant role in improving relations between the Govt and the Muslims.
In 1885 the Indian National Congress was established, the British Govt become hostile to it.
In 1905, Bengal was partitioned and weaken the forces of nationalism in India
With the rise of extremist and moderates in congress in 1906,communal electorates were conceded to Muslims in 1909 to drive a wedge between the Muslims and the Hindus.The tables were now turned and Muslims become favour than the Hindus.
The third period began in 1906 with birth of Muslim league and lasted up to 1938,During this period the Muslim League concentrated on the demand of separate electorate for the Muslims,weightage for them in minority provinces, communal veto and adequate representation in services
The fourth period began in 1940 when the Muslim league finally decided to formation of Pakistan under the leadership of M.A.Jinnaha. The period ended in 1947 with partition of India.
SEEDS OF PAKISTHAN:
The idea of Pakistan was first conceived by Dr.Mohamad Iqbal in Presidential address at Allahabad session of Muslim League in 1930.
The idea gained ground among the Muslim students at Cambridge under the leadership of Rahamat Ali.
But idea of Pakistan was not seriously entertained by leading Muslim leaders including Mr.Jinnah,who originally had progressive view and was part of congress party till 1920.However by 1940,he was all for Pakistan because of certain circumstances.
Causes which led to the demand for Pakistan
The refusal of the congress in 1937 to form coalition ministers with the Muslim League in Provinces where the congress was in majority.
The Muslim league was disappointed with the result of the general elections of 1936-37 because of its failure to capture power in any of the four Muslim majority provinces of Punjab,North-west Frontier Provinces, Sind and Bengal.
Some leaders of Hindu Mahasabha made utterness which implied that that the future of Muslims in the United was hardly bright. In 1937, V.D.Savarkar was freely preaching the gospel of Hindu Rasthra.He dubbed congress as anti-Hindu and pro-Muslim. The Hindu touch me not system which implied a virtual social boycott of the Muslims. Was mostly resented by Middle-class Muslims.
Some Muslims believed that the establishment of Muslim State was a first step to the fulfilment of the dream of Pan-Islamism.
The Muslims were very upset by the Muslim Mass Contact Movement which was started by the Congress to win the votes of Muslims during and after the general elections of 1937.
The demand of Pakistan was inevitably the next step in the type of politics which the muslim league had all though been following the gospel of separatism as propounded in the two nation theory
The full support of the British rulers accelerated the demand for Pakistan.
RESOLUTION FOR PAKISTAN(1940)
Mr.Jinnha propounded the two nation theory.In the Presidential address of Lahore session on March 22,1940.
He declared that the Muslim league would not tolerate Hindu rule but wanted separate home land
Accordingly a resolution was passed on March 23,demanding that the provinces,where the Muslims were in majority,should constitute separate soverign state called Pakistan.
The congress and Muslim leaders opposed this move that the partition of the country would not only weaken both the countries, but would make it impossible for Hindus and Muslims ever to unite for a common cause. However ultimately Congress had to agree for the partition of the country and Pakistan was formed on August 14, 1947.
CITIZENSHIP (PART 11) CITIZENSHIP ACT OF 1955
Citizenship constitutes the indispensable foundational principle of democratic polity. It involves the individual’s full political membership in the state. The citizenship brings certain rights, duties, privileges and obligations, that do not belong to aliens. All public offices are open to a citizen, he is eligible for recruitment to all public services. The right to vote and certain fundamental rights are available only to citizens and citizens have obligation like paying taxes,defending nation etc.
Citizenship may viewed as the legal relationship between the individual and the state under which the individual pledges his loyality to the state and the state offers its protection to the individual. This relationship is regulated by national law and recognised by international law.
Article 5-8 conferred citizenship on ‘every person’ who was covered under one of the following categories at the time of commencement of the Constitution:
Domiciled in India and born in India-these formed the bulk of population of the Union of India.
Domiciled, not born in India but either of whose parents was born in India;
Domiciled, not born in India but ordinary resident for more than five years
Resident in India but migrated to Pakistan after 1 March 1947 and later returned to India on resettlement permit.
Resident in Pakistan but who migrated to India before 19th July 1948 0r who came after that date but had resided in India for more than six months and got registered in the prescribed manner;
Resident outside India but who or either of whose parents or grandparents were born in India.
Thus, citizenship at the commencement of the constitution included provisions for citizenship
a) By domicile
b) Of migration from and to Pakistan
c) Of Indians residing in foreign countries.
Domicile is an important criterion for citizenship of any country.The term domicile is not defined in Indian Constitution.domicile ordinarily connotes a person’s residence
Acquisition of Citizenship after January 26,1950.
The various modes of acquisition of citizenship prescribed by the Citizen Act 1955 are as follows:
Citizenship by birth. Every person born in India on or after January 26, 1950, shall be a citizen of India by birth.
Citizenship by descent. Broadly speaking, a person born outside India on or after January 26, 1950, shall be a citizen of India by descent, if either of his parents is a citizen of India at the time of the person’s birth.
Citizenship by registration. Several classes of persons can acquire Indian citizenship by registering themselves to that effect before the prescribed authority,
Citizenship by naturalisation. A foreigner can acquire Indian citizenship, on application for naturalisation to the Government of India.
Citizenship by incorporation of territory. If any new territory becomes a part of India, the Government of India shall specify the persons of that territory who shall be the citizen of India.
Loss of Indian Citizenship
The Citizenship act,1955,also lays down how the citizenship of India may be lost,whether it was acquired under the citizenship Act,1955 or prior to it under the provisions of the constitution.It may happen in any of the three ways-renunciation,termination and deprivation.
Renunciation is a voluntary act by which a person holding the citizenship of India as well as that of another country may abjure one of them.
Termination shall take place by operation of law as soon as a citizen of India voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country.
Deprivation is a compulsory termination of the citizenship of India, by an order of the Government of India, If it is satisfied as to the happening of certain contingencies, eg, that Indian citizenship had been acquired by a person by fraud, or that he has shown himself to be disloyal or disaffected towards the Constitution of India.
It is important to remember in regard to the citizenship provisions in the Constitution and the law that it was in keeping with the aim of building an integrated Indian nation and a united fraternity that the Constitution-makers decided to provide for a single Indian Citizenship. All citizens irrespective of the state in which they were born have the same rights and duties all over the country without any discrimination subject only to a few protections in case of Jammu&Kashmir, tribal areas etc.
Citizenship constitutes the indispensable foundational principle of democratic polity. It involves the individual’s full political membership in the state. The citizenship brings certain rights, duties, privileges and obligations, that do not belong to aliens. All public offices are open to a citizen, he is eligible for recruitment to all public services. The right to vote and certain fundamental rights are available only to citizens and citizens have obligation like paying taxes,defending nation etc.
Citizenship may viewed as the legal relationship between the individual and the state under which the individual pledges his loyality to the state and the state offers its protection to the individual. This relationship is regulated by national law and recognised by international law.
Article 5-8 conferred citizenship on ‘every person’ who was covered under one of the following categories at the time of commencement of the Constitution:
Domiciled in India and born in India-these formed the bulk of population of the Union of India.
Domiciled, not born in India but either of whose parents was born in India;
Domiciled, not born in India but ordinary resident for more than five years
Resident in India but migrated to Pakistan after 1 March 1947 and later returned to India on resettlement permit.
Resident in Pakistan but who migrated to India before 19th July 1948 0r who came after that date but had resided in India for more than six months and got registered in the prescribed manner;
Resident outside India but who or either of whose parents or grandparents were born in India.
Thus, citizenship at the commencement of the constitution included provisions for citizenship
a) By domicile
b) Of migration from and to Pakistan
c) Of Indians residing in foreign countries.
Domicile is an important criterion for citizenship of any country.The term domicile is not defined in Indian Constitution.domicile ordinarily connotes a person’s residence
Acquisition of Citizenship after January 26,1950.
The various modes of acquisition of citizenship prescribed by the Citizen Act 1955 are as follows:
Citizenship by birth. Every person born in India on or after January 26, 1950, shall be a citizen of India by birth.
Citizenship by descent. Broadly speaking, a person born outside India on or after January 26, 1950, shall be a citizen of India by descent, if either of his parents is a citizen of India at the time of the person’s birth.
Citizenship by registration. Several classes of persons can acquire Indian citizenship by registering themselves to that effect before the prescribed authority,
Citizenship by naturalisation. A foreigner can acquire Indian citizenship, on application for naturalisation to the Government of India.
Citizenship by incorporation of territory. If any new territory becomes a part of India, the Government of India shall specify the persons of that territory who shall be the citizen of India.
Loss of Indian Citizenship
The Citizenship act,1955,also lays down how the citizenship of India may be lost,whether it was acquired under the citizenship Act,1955 or prior to it under the provisions of the constitution.It may happen in any of the three ways-renunciation,termination and deprivation.
Renunciation is a voluntary act by which a person holding the citizenship of India as well as that of another country may abjure one of them.
Termination shall take place by operation of law as soon as a citizen of India voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country.
Deprivation is a compulsory termination of the citizenship of India, by an order of the Government of India, If it is satisfied as to the happening of certain contingencies, eg, that Indian citizenship had been acquired by a person by fraud, or that he has shown himself to be disloyal or disaffected towards the Constitution of India.
It is important to remember in regard to the citizenship provisions in the Constitution and the law that it was in keeping with the aim of building an integrated Indian nation and a united fraternity that the Constitution-makers decided to provide for a single Indian Citizenship. All citizens irrespective of the state in which they were born have the same rights and duties all over the country without any discrimination subject only to a few protections in case of Jammu&Kashmir, tribal areas etc.
Saturday, 30 July 2011
GENERAL STUDIES CLASSES also started
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Significance of the Preamble-Philosopy enshrined in the Preamble
Preamble is an introductionary statement. It reflects the ideals and aspirations of Indian national movement. Justice, equality, fraternity and liberty are the core values of the preamble of the Indian constitution.
The philosophy of Indian polity as enshrined in the preamble of the Indian Constitution: The preamble of the Indian Constitution has much significance.
Firstly, the phrase “We the people of India “is a bold declaration of the popular sovereignty. This impression implies that the Constitution of India is not an imposition upon the Indian people by any alien ruler or an enlightened despot. It is the people of India who are the makers of the Constitution.
Secondly, it contains the philosophy of the objective resolution. It also specifies the source of authority and the system of government etc.
Thirdly, preamble is non-justice able in a court of law. As a part of the constitution, it provides a key to unravel the minds of constitution makers. It declares the rights and freedom. Which the people of India aim to secure and type of government and policy to be established. The preamble also christens India as a
soverign, socialist,secular,democratic,republic.The word republic upholds that the head of our state must be an elected president.
Lastly, the significance of the preamble is that it envisages the emotional integration in Indian polity, where it concludes with expression. Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation.
So, the preamble expresses the political, moral, economic and religious values which a constitution is committed to promote.
FORMATION OF NEW STATES
Under Article 3 of the Indian constitution a new state may be formed or established in the following ways:
• By separation of territory from any state
• By uniting two or more states
• By uniting any parts of states
• By uniting any territory to a part of any state
The power to form new states under Article 3:
The Bill for any of these purpose can be introduced in either house of Parliament only on the recommendation of the President.If such Bill proposes to affect the area,boundaries or name of any of the states,than the Bill first needs to be refered to the legislature of that State,by the president,for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the president may allow.When such specified or allowed period has been expired and the state legislature has not sent the bill back within such period, the president can get the bill introduced in Parliament as such. It is not necessary that the State Legislature must return the bill before introduction.
If the legislature makes some recommendation in the Bill,the President shall send them to Parliament with the Bill, But Parliament is not bound by such recommendations.
In case of State of Jammu and Kashmir, such a bill needs to be compulsorily passed by the Legislature of J&K.
The Bill such introduced to Parliament has to be passed by simple majority of both Houses of Parliament.
Then the Bill is to be sent to the President for his assent, after getting the Presidential assent, it becomes a law.This change is not deemed an amendment to the Constitution under Article 368.
Significance of the Preamble-Philosopy enshrined in the Preamble
Preamble is an introductionary statement. It reflects the ideals and aspirations of Indian national movement. Justice, equality, fraternity and liberty are the core values of the preamble of the Indian constitution.
The philosophy of Indian polity as enshrined in the preamble of the Indian Constitution: The preamble of the Indian Constitution has much significance.
Firstly, the phrase “We the people of India “is a bold declaration of the popular sovereignty. This impression implies that the Constitution of India is not an imposition upon the Indian people by any alien ruler or an enlightened despot. It is the people of India who are the makers of the Constitution.
Secondly, it contains the philosophy of the objective resolution. It also specifies the source of authority and the system of government etc.
Thirdly, preamble is non-justice able in a court of law. As a part of the constitution, it provides a key to unravel the minds of constitution makers. It declares the rights and freedom. Which the people of India aim to secure and type of government and policy to be established. The preamble also christens India as a
soverign, socialist,secular,democratic,republic.The word republic upholds that the head of our state must be an elected president.
Lastly, the significance of the preamble is that it envisages the emotional integration in Indian polity, where it concludes with expression. Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation.
So, the preamble expresses the political, moral, economic and religious values which a constitution is committed to promote.
FORMATION OF NEW STATES
Under Article 3 of the Indian constitution a new state may be formed or established in the following ways:
• By separation of territory from any state
• By uniting two or more states
• By uniting any parts of states
• By uniting any territory to a part of any state
The power to form new states under Article 3:
The Bill for any of these purpose can be introduced in either house of Parliament only on the recommendation of the President.If such Bill proposes to affect the area,boundaries or name of any of the states,than the Bill first needs to be refered to the legislature of that State,by the president,for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the president may allow.When such specified or allowed period has been expired and the state legislature has not sent the bill back within such period, the president can get the bill introduced in Parliament as such. It is not necessary that the State Legislature must return the bill before introduction.
If the legislature makes some recommendation in the Bill,the President shall send them to Parliament with the Bill, But Parliament is not bound by such recommendations.
In case of State of Jammu and Kashmir, such a bill needs to be compulsorily passed by the Legislature of J&K.
The Bill such introduced to Parliament has to be passed by simple majority of both Houses of Parliament.
Then the Bill is to be sent to the President for his assent, after getting the Presidential assent, it becomes a law.This change is not deemed an amendment to the Constitution under Article 368.
Scientific study of KANNADA LIT
-writing introduction
-development of body
-conclussion
this all only possible only under MANOJ SIR
-development of body
-conclussion
this all only possible only under MANOJ SIR
Wednesday, 27 July 2011
The scientific study of KANNADA LIT for IAS under MANOJ SIR,His Way of teaching is wonderful..
Monday, 25 July 2011
why you have to join ANARGHYA IAS ACADEMY???
The ANARGHYA IAS ACADEMY is the best institute which will realise dream of becoming civil servent..manoj sir is the best faculty for kannada lit..the people who are very new to kannada also can take up under him..there will be individual attention and writing skill improvent prog is wonderful
Manoj sir is the best faculty for kannada lit in KARNATAKA
Manoj sir is the best faculty for kannada lit in KARNATAKA
Saturday, 23 July 2011
Thursday, 14 July 2011
UPSC syllabus for Kannada Subject
Paper-I
Answers must be written in Kannada.
Section-A
A. History of Kannada Language
What is Language? General characteristics of Language. Dravidian Family of Languages and its specific features, Antiquity of Kannada Language Different Phases of its Development.
Dialects of Kannada Language : Regional and Social Various aspects of development of Kannada Language : phonological and Semantic changes. Language borrowing.
B. History of Kannada Literature
Ancient Kannada literature : Influence and Trends. Poets for study : Specified poets from Pampa to Ratnakara Varni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression : Pampa, Janna, Nagachandra.
Medieval Kannada literature : Influence and Trends.
Vachana literature : Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi.
Medieval Poets : Harihara, Ragha-vanka, Kumar-Vyasa.
Dasa literature : Purandra and Kanaka.
Sangataya : Ratnakaravarni
C. Modern Kannada literature :
Influence, trends and idealogies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita and Bandaya.
Section-B
A. Poetics and literary criticism :
Definition and concepts of poetry : Word, Meaning, Alankara, Reeti, Rasa, Dhwani, Auchitya.
Interpretations of Rasa Sutra.
Modern Trends of literary criticism : Formalist, Historical, Marxist, Feminist, Post-colonial criticism.
B. Cultlural History of Karnataka
Contribution of Dynasties to the culture of Karnataka : Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context.
Major religions of Karnataka and their cultural contributions.
Arts of Karnataka : Sculpture, Architecture, Painting, Music, Dance-in the literary context.
Unification of Karnataka and its impact on Kannada literature.
Paper-II
Answers must be written in Kannada.
The paper will require first-hand reading of the Texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidates.
Section-A
A. OLD KANNADA LITERATURE
1. Vikramaarjuna Vijaya of Pampa (cantos 12 & 13), (Mysore University Pub.)
2. Vaddaraadhane (Sukumaraswamyia Kathe, Vidyutchorana Kathe)
B. Medieval Kannada Literature :
1. Vachana Kammata, Ed: K. Marulasiddappa K.R. Nagaraj (Bangalore University Pub.)
2. Janapriya Kanakasamputa, Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Kannada and Culture Directorate, Bangalore)
3. Nambiyannana Ragale, Ed., T.N. Sreekantaiah (Ta.Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore)
4. Kumaravyasa Bharata : Karna Parva (Mysore University)
5. Bharatesha Vaibhava Sangraha Ed. Ta. Su. Shama Rao (Mysore University)
Section-B
A. Modern Kannada Literature
1. Poetry : Hosagannada Kavite, Ed : G.H. Nayak (Kannada Saahitya Parishattu, Bangalore)
2. Novel : Bettada Jeeva-Shivarama Karanta Madhavi-Arupama Niranjana Odalaala-Devanuru Mahadeva
3. Short Story : Kannada Sanna Kathegalu, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Sahitya Academy, New Delhi).
4. Drama : Shudra Tapaswi-Kuvempu. Tughalak-Girish Karnad.
5. Vichara Saahitya : Devaru-A.N. Moorty Rao (Pub : D.V.K. Moorty, Mysore.)
B. Folk Literature :
1. Janapada Swaroopa-Dr. H.M. Nayak. (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore.)
2. Janapada Geetaanjali-Ed.D. Javare Gowda. (Pub : Sahitya Academy, New Delhi.)
3. Kannada Janapada Kathegalu-Ed. J.S. Paramashivaiah, (Mysore University.)
4. Beedi Makkalu Beledo. Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (Pub : Bangalore University.)
5. Savirada Ogatugalu-Ed : S.G. Imrapura.
Section-B
A. Modern Kannada Literature1. Poetry : Hosagannada Kavite, Ed : G.H. Nayak (Kannada Saahitya Parishattu, Bangalore)
2. Novel : Bettada Jeeva-Shivarama Karanta Madhavi-Arupama Niranjana Odalaala-Devanuru Mahadeva
3. Short Story : Kannada Sanna Kathegalu, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Sahitya Academy, New Delhi).
4. Drama : Shudra Tapaswi-Kuvempu. Tughalak-Girish Karnad.
5. Vichara Saahitya : Devaru-A.N. Moorty Rao (Pub : D.V.K. Moorty, Mysore.)
B. Folk Literature :
1. Janapada Swaroopa-Dr. H.M. Nayak. (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore.)
2. Janapada Geetaanjali-Ed.D. Javare Gowda. (Pub : Sahitya Academy, New Delhi.)
3. Kannada Janapada Kathegalu-Ed. J.S. Paramashivaiah, (Mysore University.)
4. Beedi Makkalu Beledo. Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (Pub : Bangalore University.)
5. Savirada Ogatugalu-Ed : S.G. Imrapura
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